D. Desegregation was ordered for only high schools.
Brown vs. Board of Education was decided in 1954 by the United States Supreme Court. Parents
in Kansas challenged laws that allowed separate schools for children of different races. The
United States Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal facilities” were fundamentally
unequal. This decision reversed the earlier decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson and declared racial
segregation illegal. The federal government ordered that states must desegregate formerly
segregated classes.
SS.7.C.3.12:
28. Following the 1966 Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona, police began informing
people placed under arrest that they "have the right to remain silent." What basic freedom is this
meant to protect, and how does it affect arrested individuals?
A. The right to freedom of speech; it provides them with the ability to speak to their attorneys
without fear of incrimination.
B. The protection against self-incrimination; it informs them that speaking to law enforcement
could incriminate them.
C. The protection of due process; it prevents convicted offenders from receiving cruel and
unusual punishments.
D. The right to freedom of assembly; it prevents law enforcement from asking them questions
without the presence of an attorney.
In the Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, the court examined the rights protected in the
Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. Ernesto Miranda was arrested after a
crime victim identified him in a police lineup. The police officers questioning him did not inform
him of his Fifth Amendment right that prevents government from forcing citizens to give
evidence against themselves. He also was not informed of his Sixth Amendment right to the
assistance of an attorney. In 1966, the Supreme Court agreed to hear the case and ruled in favor
of Miranda. As a result, police officers now read the Miranda warning to suspects before they are
arrested. This helps ensure suspects understand they have the right to not answer questions, or
say anything at all, if they choose. However, if a suspect chooses to speak despite the Miranda
warning, what they say could be used in court. The Miranda warning also explains that suspects
have the right speak to an attorney.
SS.7.C.2.8
29. How do modern Democrats and Republicans view taxation?
A. Democrats tend to favor tax increases to support new social programs more than
Republicans.
B. Republicans tend to favor tax increases to support new social programs more than
Democrats.