76
324
“Summary of 2013 Statistics for 1-800-GAMBLER® Helpline.”
325
John M. Barron, Michael E. Staten, and Stephanie M. wilshusen, “The Impact of Casino Gambling on Personal Bankruptcy
Filing Rates,” Contemporary Economic Policy 20, no. 4 (October 2002): 440.
326
Ibid.; Ernie Goss, Edward Morse, and John Deskins, “Have Casinos Contributed to Rising Bankruptcy Rates?,” International
Advances in Economic Research 15, no. 4 (November 2009): 456–69, doi:10.1007/s11294-009-9234-7.
327
Daniel Austin, “Medical Debt as a Cause of Consumer Bankruptcy,” Maine Law Review 67, no. 1 (2014): 1–23.
328
National Gambling Impact Study Final Report, 4–13.
329
“3 Reasons Why Americans Are in So Much Debt,” About.com News & Issues, accessed April 18, 2015,
http://useconomy.about.com/od/demand/a/Average-Consumer-Debt-Statistics.htm.
330
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999.
331
Henry R. Lesieur, “Costs and Treatment of Pathological Gambling,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science 556 (1998): 153–71.
332
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999.
333
Ibid.
334
Lesieur, “Costs and Treatment of Pathological Gambling”; National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of
Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999, 48.
335
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999, 50.
336
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999.
337
Ibid.
338
Gregory A. Falls and Philip B. Thompson, “Casinos, Casino Size, and Crime: A Panel Data Analysis of Michigan Counties,” The
Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 54, no. 1 (February 2014): 124, doi:10.1016/j.qref.2013.10.006.
339
Ibid.; National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group,
Gambling Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999.
340
Falls and Thompson, “Casinos, Casino Size, and Crime.”
341
Lesieur, “Costs and Treatment of Pathological Gambling,” 157.
342
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999, 50.
343
Jacquelene F Moghaddam et al., “Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in Five Groups with Different Severities of
Gambling: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions,” The American Journal On
Addictions / American Academy Of Psychiatrists In Alcoholism And Addictions, March 24, 2015, doi:10.1111/ajad.12197.
344
Marotta et al., 2013 National Survey of Problem Gambling Services.
345
National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Gemini Research, and The Lewin Group, Gambling
Impact and Behavior Study, April 1, 1999, 52.
346
Ibid., 53.
347
Douglas M. Walker, “Problems in Quantifying the Social Costs and Benefits of Gambling,” American Journal of Economics and
Sociology 66, no. 3 (July 2007): 609–45, doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.2007.00529.x.
348
Ibid., 631–632.
349
Alan Mallach, Economic and Social Impact of Introducing Casino Gambling: A Review and Assessment of the Literature
(Philadelphia, PA: Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, March 2010), 21, http://www.philadelphiafed.org/community-
development/publications/discussion-papers/discussion-paper_casino-gambling.pdf.
350
National Gambling Impact Study Final Report.
351
Felicity Lorains K., Sean Cowlishaw, and Shane Thomas A., “Prevalence of Comorbid Disorders in Problem and Pathological
Gambling: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population Surveys,” Addiction 106, no. 3 (March 2011): 490–98,
doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03300.x.
352
S. ( 1 Cowlishaw 2 ) et al., “Pathological and Problem Gambling in Substance Use Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis,” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 46, no. 2 (February 2014): 98–105, doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2013.08.019.
353
Ibid.
354
John Warren Kindt, “Economic Impacts of Legalized Gambling Activities, The [article],” Drake Law Review 43, no. 1 (1994):
51–96.
355
Marotta et al., 2013 National Survey of Problem Gambling Services, 19.
356
Carla J. Rash and Nancy M. Petry, “Psychological Treatments for Gambling Disorder,” Psychology Research & Behavior
Management 7 (October 2014): 285–95, doi:10.2147/PRBM.S40883.
357
Lesieur, “Costs and Treatment of Pathological Gambling.”